STD-10 SOCIAL-SCIENCE CH-13 QUIZ (ENG-MED)
STD-10 SOCIAL-SCIENCE (ENG-MED)
Q 1. Industrial development started very late in India. Give reason.
ANS: When the Industrial Revolution took place in the world, India, was under the British Rule. British made very unjust policies so that IndiANS: could not start or develop industries. The first charcoal-based iron melting industry started as early as 1853, but it failed because of the British policies. The British used to buy raw material at cheap prices from India, produce goods from them in England and sell those goods back in India.
As a result, the local industries could not develop in India. There were also several bANS: on IndiANS: for producing several goods and setting up industries. Owing to all these reasons, India’s industrial backbone broke down during the British Rule and so India could not start industrial development as early as other developed countries.
Q 2. Enlist first few Industries of India and their set-ups.
ANS: The first charcoal-based iron melting industry started as early as 1853, but it failed because of the British policies. The first cotton textile industry started in 1854. A jute mill was established in 1855 at Risra near Kolkata. In 1874, India’s first blast furnace was established at Kulti in West Bengal for making iron ore which was closed after few years it was restarted in 1881. In 1907, Jamshedji Tata started Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) at Jamshedpur and opened new ways for India.
Q 3. India was quite rich and prosperous in its industries. Give reason.
ANS: In India, the industrial traditions are as old as the time fo Indus Valley Civilization. At that time, India used to produce cotton textile, clay utensils, things of bell-metal and beads. India was also quite advanced in shipbuilding industry till 18th century. India not only produced handicraft but also exported it. India also had well-developed cottage industries.
In the ancient time Indian cotton cloth, muslin cloth, metal utensils and ornamentals were in huge demand. Traders from many countries used to travel India to buy goods produced here. Hence, we can say that India was quite rich and prosperous in its industries.
Q 4. The textile industry of India was ruined under the British rule. Give reason.
ANS: When the Industrial Revolution took place in the world, India was under the British Rule. British made very unjust policies so that Indian could not start or develop industries. The British used to buy raw cotton and other fibres at cheap prices from India, produces goods from them in England and sell those goods back in India.
This ruined our Indian textile industry. Textile industries has no option but to shut down. Unemployment and poverty increased. Thus, the textile industry of Indian was ruined under the British Rule.
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