STD-10 SOCIAL-SCIENCE CH-5 QUIZ (ENG-MED)

 STD-10 SOCIAL-SCIENCE (ENG-MED)

CH-5 India’s Heritage of Science and Technology

Short Question

Q 1. What is meant by science and technology?

Ans: Science means ‘systematic knowledge’ and technology means ‘the practical utility of systematic knowledge’. Although ‘Science’ and Technology’ are two different words, they are linked to each other.

Q 2. Write about the contribution of Nagarjuna in the field of chemistry.

Ans: Acharya Nagarjuna, a learned Buddhist of Nalanda University, is known as the pioneer of Chemistry. He suggested that people should use allopathic medicines also along with herbal medicines. It is believed that it was Achaiya Nagarjuna who first introduced the use of mercury ash as a medicine. He wrote books namely, ‘Rasa-ratnakar i.e. juice ratnakar’ and ‘Arogya-manjari’. In his book Rasa- ratnakar, he mentioned about the main juice i.e. ‘maha rasa’, ‘uprasa’ and 10 types of poisons, various types of salts and ash to minerals that are found in chemistry. Nagarjuna was the head of Nalanda University where he had set-up school of chemistry and fumance for study and research purpose.

Q 3. Write a note on discoveries made by Aryabhatta in mathematics.

Ans: Aryabhatta is known as the ‘father of Mathematics’. He discovered ‘zero’ (0). He wrote a book called ‘Aiyabhattiyam’. In this book, he gave an approximate value of x(Pi) as ‘3.14’. He also suggested that it(pi) is the constant which works as a multiplier in the equation of circumference and diameter of circle. He also gave information about Ashtang method of multiplication, addition, subtraction, square-root, cube-root, etc. Aryabhatta also wrote books like ‘Dash Gitika’ and ‘Aryabhattiyam’. In his book ‘Aiyasiddhanta’, he had described the main principles of astronomy. He also found the solution of various fundamentals of arithmetic and geometry. Contribution in astrology and astronomy:

Aryabhatta made a remarkable contribution in the field of astronomy. As a result, when India launched its first satellite, named ‘Aryabhatta’. He declared that the earth rotates on its own axis. He proved that the basic reason for lunar eclipse is the shadow of the earth. The Indian scholar used to call this shadow as ‘Ajarbhar’.

Q 4. Into how many sections is astrology divided?

Ans: Varahmihir who was one of the greatest astrologers and astronomers of India, divided astrology into 3 sections namely Tantra’. ‘Hora’ and ‘Samhita’.

Q 5. Name the pioneers of Vastushastra.

Ans: Brahma, Narad, Brahaspati, Bhrugu, Vashishtha, Vishwakarma, Varahmihir, etc. are considered pioneers of Vastushastra in India.